Ukutshixa, ukumakisha kunye nokulawula amandla ayingozi kwindibano yocweyo

I-Osha iyalela abasebenzi bokugcina ukuba batshixe, i-tag, kunye nokulawula amandla anobungozi. Abanye abantu abazi ukuba balithatha njani eli nyathelo, umatshini wahlukile. Imifanekiso ye-Getty
Phakathi kwabantu abasebenzisa naluphi na uhlobo lwezixhobo zemizi-mveliso, utshixelo lout / tagutout (i-loto) akukho nto intsha. Ngaphandle kokuba amandla anqunyulwe, akukho mntu unqwenela ukwenza naluphi na uhlobo lokulungisa okanye ukuzama ukulungisa umatshini okanye inkqubo. Le yimfuno nje yengqondo eqhelekileyo kunye noLawulo lweMsebenzini kunye noLawulo lwezeMpilo (Osha).
Ngaphambi kokwenza imisebenzi yolondolozo okanye ukulungisa, kulula ukuyikhupha umatshini ovela kumthombo wamandla - uhlala ngokucima umphunga wesekethe-kwaye utshixe umnyango wephaneli yesekethe. Ukongeza ileyibhile echonga iingcali zesondlo ngegama ikwangumcimbi olulula.
Ukuba amandla awanakutshixiwe, ilebhile kuphela inokusetyenziswa. Kuzo zombini ezi meko, nokuba kungenjalo okanye ngaphandle kwesitshixo, ilebheli ibonisa ukuba iloliwe iyaqhubeka kwaye ifowuni ayiqhutywa.
Nangona kunjalo, asikukuphela kwelotto. Injongo iyonke ayisiyo ukuphelisa umthombo wamandla. Injongo kukutya okanye ukukhulula onke amandla anobungozi-ukusebenzisa amagama ka-Osha, ukulawula amandla anobungozi.
I-bible yobutsha ibonisa iingozi ezimbini zethutyana. Emva kokuba i-sad icinyiwe, i-blade yabona i-blade iya kuqhubeka iqhuba imizuzwana embalwa, kwaye iyakuyeka kuphela xa kudiniwe umzuzu kwimoto. I-blade iya kuhlala ishushu kangangemizuzu embalwa de kube kufake ubushushu.
Kanye njengokugcina i-SAWWS of Sopelocal kunye namandla omshini, umsebenzi woomatshini wokusebenza wezamashishini (umsebenzi, i-hydraulic, kunye ne-pneumatic, kunye ne-pneumatic) idla ngokufumana inkqubo ye-hydraulic okanye ye-pneumatic, okanye i-Pneumatic Systems, okanye i-Pneumatic System ye-Hydraulic okanye ye-Pneumatic, okanye iCavoumatic System, okanye i-Pneumatic Systems, okanye iCavoumatic Systems, okanye iCavoumatic System, okanye iCanumatic Systems yesekethe, amandla anokugcinwa ukuba amangalise ixesha elide.
Oomatshini abahlukeneyo bezamashishini kufuneka basebenzise amandla amaninzi. I-Aisi ePhezulu ye-Aisi 1010 inokumelana nemikhosi ukuya kuthi ga kwi-45,000 ye-PSI, oomatshini abanjengamatshini, oomatshini beebhulukhwe, i-punches, i-pubing, kunye ne-pubile, kunye ne-pubi, kunye ne-Pipe Benders kufuneka badlulise amandla kwiiyunithi zeetoni. Ukuba isekefiki enamandla kwinkqubo ye-hydraulic system ivaliwe kwaye ikhutshiwe, inxenye ye-hydraulic yeso sistim isenokukwazi ukubonelela nge-45,000 ye-PSI. Oomatshini abasebenzisa i-molds okanye ii-blade, oku kwanele ukutyhoboza okanye ukufaka imilenze.
Ilori evaliweyo yebhakethi enebhakethi emoyeni iyingozi njengeloli yebhakethi engafakwanga. Vula i-valve engalunganga kunye nobuninzi buza kuthatha ngaphezulu. Ngokufanayo, inkqubo ye-pneumatic inokugcina amandla amaninzi xa icinyiwe. I-bender ephakathi ye-Pipe ephakathi inokufumana ukuya kwi-150 yeemputha zangoku. Iphantsi njenge-0.040 Amp, intliziyo inokuyeka ukubetha.
Ukukhupha ngokukhuselekileyo okanye ukuphelisa amandla linyathelo eliphambili emva kokucima amandla kunye noLoto. Ukukhutshwa okukhuselekileyo okanye ukusetyenziswa kwamandla anobungozi kufuna ukuqonda imigaqo-nkqubo yenkqubo kunye neenkcukacha zoomatshini ekufuneka zigcinwe okanye zilungiswe.
Zimbini iintlobo zeenkqubo ze-hydraulic: Vula i-lop kunye nelog evaliweyo. Kwimeko yezommiselo, iintlobo zempompo eziqhelekileyo ziigiya, iifdane kunye neepistons. Isilinda sesixhobo esisebenzayo sinokuba nenxaxheba okanye sibambele kabini. Iinkqubo ze-hydraulic zinokuba nazo iindidi ezintathu zeVualve-Ukulawulwa kwesikhokelo, ulawulo lokuhamba, kunye nolawulo loxinzelelo-nganye kwezi ntlobo zineendidi ezininzi. Zininzi izinto ekufuneka uzinikele ingqalelo, ngoko ke iyimfuneko ekuqondeni ngokupheleleyo uhlobo lwecandelo ngalinye ukuze kuphelise umngcipheko onxulumene namandla.
UJay Robinson, umnini kunye nomongameli we-RBSA mveliso ye-RBSA, wathi: "I-Hydraulic ActUtor inokuqhutywa yivalve egcweleyo." I-valve ye-solenoid ivula ivalve. Xa inkqubo iyasebenza, i-hydraulic fluid ingena kwizixhobo kwingcinezelo ephezulu nakwitanki ngoxinzelelo oluphantsi, "utshilo. . "Ukuba inkqubo ivelisa i-2 000 psi kwaye amandla acinyiwe, i-orelonoid iyakuya kwisikhundla se-embindi kwaye ithintele onke amazibuko. Ioyile ayinakuhamba kwaye umatshini uyema, kodwa le nkqubo inokuba ne-1 000 ye-psi kwicala ngalinye levali. "
Ngamanye amaxesha, iingcali ezizama ukuqhuba ulondolozo lwendlela okanye ukulungiswa komngcipheko ngqo.
"Ezinye iinkampani zineenkqubo ezibhaliweyo eziqhelekileyo," utshilo uRobinson. Uninzi lwabo bathi ubuchwephesha bafanele bakhuphe umbane, batshixe, kwaye baphawule, kwaye emva koko bacinezele iqhosha lokuqala ukuze uqale umatshini. " Kule meko, umatshini akanakwenza nantoni na-ayilayishi i-Worpiece, ukugoba, ukusika, ukwenziwa, ikhukuliseke, ikhuphe enye into-kuba ayinakukwazi. Ivalve ye-hydraulic iqhutywa yivalve enesidima, efuna umbane. Ukucofa iqhosha lokuqalisa okanye ukusebenzisa iphaneli yolawulo ukuvula nayiphi na inkqubo yenkqubo ye-hydraulic ayiyi kuvula ivalve engasetyenziswanga.
Okwesibini, ukuba uchwepheshe uyaqonda ukuba kufuneka asebenze ngesandla ivalve yokukhupha uxinzelelo lwe-hydraulic, unokukhupha uxinzelelo kwelinye le le nkqubo kwaye acinge ukuba uwakhulule onke amandla. Ngapha koko, ezinye iindawo zenkqubo zisenokukhusela uxinzelelo ukuya kuthi ga kwi-1 000 psi. Ukuba olo xinzelelo luvela kwisixhobo senkqubo, iingcali ziya kumangaliswa ukuba ziyaqhubeka nokwenza imisebenzi yolondolozo kwaye zinokuzenzakala.
Ioyile ye-Hydraulic ayilunganga kakhulu-malunga ne-0.5% nge-1 000 ye-PSI-kodwa kule meko, ayinamsebenzi.
"Ukuba itekhnoloji ikhuphe amandla kwicala le-ARDUR, le nkqubo inokuhambisa isixhobo kuyo yonke i-stroke," yatsho iRobinson. "Kuxhomekeka kwinkqubo, i-stroke inokuba yi-1/16 intshi okanye iinyawo ezili-16."
"Inkqubo ye-hydraulic yindawo yokuphindaphinda, ngenxa yoko inkqubo evelisa imithwalo eyi-1 000 inokuthi iphakamise kakhulu imithwalo enzima, ezinje ngeepesenti ezingama-3,000," utshilo uRobinson. Kule meko, ingozi ayisiqalise ngengozi. Umngcipheko kukukhupha uxinzelelo kwaye unciphise umthwalo ngengozi. Ukufumana indlela yokunciphisa umthwalo ngaphambi kokuba ujongene nenkqubo isenokuvakala ingqiqo, kodwa iirekhodi zokusweleka kwe-Osha zibonisa ukuba ingqiqo engahlali isebenza kwezi meko. E-Osha Imeko ye-142877.015, "Umsebenzi utshintsha ... tyibilika i-hydraulic hose kwigiya ephetheyo kwaye ukhuphe uxinzelelo lwe-hydraulic kwaye ukhuphe uxinzelelo. I-boom ilahle ngokukhawuleza kwaye yabetha umsebenzi, ityumze intloko yayo, itosso neengalo. Umsebenzi wabulawa. "
Ukongeza kwiitanki zeoyile, iimpompo, i-valves kunye nezixhobo ze-hydraulic nazo zine-cuntmulator. Njengoko igama libonisa, liqokelela ioli ye-hydraulic. Umsebenzi wayo kukuhlengahlengisa uxinzelelo okanye ubungakanani benkqubo.
"I-cractulator iqulathe izinto ezimbini eziphambili: Ingxowa yomoya ngaphakathi kwitanki," watsho uRobinson. "Ibag ye-airbag izaliswe yinitrogen. Ngexesha lokusebenza okuqhelekileyo, ioyile ye-hydraulic ingena kwaye iphuma kwitanki njengoko uxinzelelo lwenkqubo luyanyuka kwaye luyancipha. " Nokuba ingena okanye ishiya itanki, okanye idlulile, ixhomekeke kubume boxinzelelo phakathi kwenkqubo kunye neBarbag ye-Airbag.
"Ezi ntlobo zimbini zichaphazela abafundi abaqokeleli kunye nevolumu," zatsho njalo iiveki, zazisa amandla e-fluid amandla. "Inkcaza yothuso efungelweyo i-Inchsbs, ngelixa ivolumu ifumana uxinzelelo lwenkqubo ekwiphepha xa imfuno yequbuliso idlula.
Ukuze usebenze kwinkqubo enjalo ngaphandle kokulimala, uchwepheshe wolondolozo kufuneka azi ukuba le nkqubo inomfundi kunye nendlela yokukhupha uxinzelelo.
Nge-Abssublin ye-Abssurs, iingcali zesondlo kufuneka zilumke ngakumbi. Ngenxa yokuba ibhegi yomoya isusiwe kwingcinezelo enkulu kunenkqubo yenkqubo, ukusilela kwe-iveve kuthetha ukuba kunokongeza uxinzelelo kwinkqubo. Ukongeza, zihlala zingaxhotyiswe ngevalve yokuhamba.
"Akukho sisombululo silungileyo kule ngxaki, kuba i-99% yeenkqubo aziboneleli ngendlela yokuqinisekisa ukudalwa kweValve," utshilo. Nangona kunjalo, iinkqubo zokulungisa ezisebenzayo zinokubonelela ngeendlela zokuthintela. "Unokongeza i-valve yentengiso yasemva kokuba ikhuphe amanye amanzi anokuveliswa naphi na apho uxinzelelo khona, utshilo.
Ingcali yenkonzo ebona inqaku le-Accumulator ephantsi linokufuna ukongeza umoya, kodwa oku akuvumelekanga. Ingxaki kukuba ezi valthi ze-Air zine-valve zaseMelika, ezifana nezo zisetyenziswa kwiitayile zemoto.
"I-accumulator ihlala inesigqibo sokulwa ngokuchasene nokongeza umoya, kodwa emva kweminyaka eliqela yokusebenza, isigqibo esihlala sinyamalala kwakudala," utshilo uWick.
Omnye umcimbi kukusetyenziswa kweevalva ezinqabileyo, utshilo iiveki. Kwiivalva ezininzi, ukujikeleza kwewotshi kunyusa uxinzelelo; Kwi-valves esemanzini, le meko iyaphikisana.
Okokugqibela, izixhobo zefowuni kufuneka ziphaphile. Ngenxa yezithintelo zendawo kunye nemiqobo, abaqulunqileyo kufuneka babe nobuchule kwindlela ocwangcisa ngayo inkqubo kwaye ubeke phi amacandelo. Ezinye izinto zinokufihlwa ngaphandle kokubona kwaye zingafikeleleki, ezenza ulondolozo lwendlela yesiqhelo kwaye zilungiswe ngakumbi kunesixhobo esisisigxina.
Iinkqubo ze-Pneumatic ziphantse zibe phantse zonke iingxaki ezinokubakho kwiinkqubo ze-hydraulic. Inkqubo ephambili kukuba inkqubo ye-hydraulic inokuvelisa ukuvuza, ukuvelisa ijethi ye-fluid ngoxinzelelo olwaneleyo kwi-intshi kwi-intshi nganye ukuya kwimpahla kunye nolusu. Kwindawo yemizi-mveliso, "impahla" ibandakanya izibonda zeebhuthi zomsebenzi. I-Hydraulic oyile ukungena nokulimala kwezenziweyo kufuna ukhathalelo lwezonyango kwaye idla ngokufuna unyango.
Iinkqubo ze-Pneumatic nazo ziyingozi ngokwendalo. Abantu abaninzi bacinga ukuba, "Kulungile, ngumoya nje" kwaye ujongane nokungakhathali.
"Abantu bava iimpompo zenkqubo ye-Pneumatic ebaleka, kodwa azigqali onke amandla elinye impompo," utshilo iiveki. "Onke amandla kufuneka ahambe kwenye indawo, kwaye inkqubo ye-fluid yamandla yindawo yokuphindaphinda. Kwi-50 psi, isilinda esinendawo engaphezulu kwe-10 i-intshi izikwere zinokuvelisa amandla aneleyo ukuze asuse iipesenti ezingama-500. Umthwalo. " Njengoko sonke sazi, abasebenzi basebenzisa le nkqubo ivuthuza ubunkunkqele kwiingubo.
"Kwiinkampani ezininzi, esi sisizathu sokupheliswa kwangoko," utshilo iiveki. Watsho ukuba ijethi yomoya egxothiweyo kwinkqubo ye-Pneumatic inokutsala ulusu kunye nezinye izicubu eziya emathanjeni.
"Ukuba kukho ukuvuza kwenkqubo ye-pneumatic, nokuba isemdibaniseni okanye ngepinki kwi-Hose, akukho mntu uya kuqaphela," utshilo. "Umatshini ukhwaza kakhulu, abasebenzi bakhulele kukhuselo, kwaye akukho namnye ovelayo ukuvuza." Ukukhetha nje i-hose inobungozi. Nokuba le nkqubo iyasebenza okanye hayi, iigloves zesikhumba ziyafuneka ukuqhuba ii-hoses zepneumatic.
Enye ingxaki kukuba ngenxa yokuba umoya ucinezela kakhulu, ukuba uvula ivalve kwinkqubo ephilayo, inkqubo evaliweyo ye-pneumatic inokugcina amandla aneleyo ukuze uqale ixesha elide kwaye uqalise isixhobo esiphindaphindiweyo.
Nangona ihamba ngombane-Ukuhamba kwee-elektroni njengoko zihamba nomqhubi - kubonakala ngathi lilizwe elahlukileyo kwiFiziks, akunjalo. Umthetho wokuqala kaNewton wentshukumo isebenza: "Into yamasiko ihlala ihleli, kwaye into eshukumayo iqhubeka ihamba ngesantya esifanayo kwaye ikwindlela efanayo, ngaphandle kokuba iphantsi kwamandla angenakulinganiswa."
Okokuqala, isiphaluka ngasinye, nokuba ilula kangakanani, iya kumelana nokuhamba kwangoku. Ukuxhathisa kuthintela ukuhamba kwangoku, xa isekenke ivaliwe (i-Static), ukuxhathisa kugcina isekethe kwi-static State. Xa iseki ivuliwe, okwangoku ayihambi kwisekethe ngokukhawuleza; Kuthatha ubuncinci ixesha elifutshane lokuba i-voltage yoyise ukumelana nokuhambahamba kwangoku.
Kungenxa yesizathu lesizathu, yonke isekethe inemilinganiselo ethile ye-canectication, efanayo nelixesha lento eshukumayo. Ukuvala i-switch akuyeki ngokukhawuleza; Okwangoku kuqhubeka ukuthunga, ubuncinci kancinci.
Emanye isekethembisa isebenzisa amandla ukugcina umbane; Lo msebenzi uyafana neyokukhokelo lwe-hydraulic. Ngokwexabiso elithile le-capacitor, linokugcina amandla ombane kangangesithuba sombane esinobungozi. Kwiisekethe ezisetyenziswa kumatshini wemizi-mveliso, ixesha lokukhulula imizuzu engama-20 alinakwenzeka, kwaye abanye banokufuna ixesha elingakumbi.
Kwi-Bender ye-pubile, iRobinson iqikelela ukuba ixesha lemizuzu eli-15 linokwanela amandla agcinwe kwinkqubo yokuphawula. Emva koko yenza itshekhi elula ngevolthi.
"Zimbini izinto malunga nokudibanisa iVoltmeter," utshilo uRobinson. "Okokuqala, ivumela uchwepheshe uyazi ukuba le nkqubo inamandla. Okwesibini, kudala indlela yokukhupha. Ukuhamba kweenyawo zangoku ukusuka kwelinye icala lesekethe ngokusebenzisa umqolo kwesinye, kokuphelisa amanye amandla asele egcinwe kuyo. "
Kwimeko elona tyala liphezulu, amagcisa aqeqeshelwa, enamava, kwaye afumane onke amaxwebhu amagama omatshini. Unetshiphu, ithegi, kunye nokuqonda okugwenxa emsebenzini. Ngokufanelekileyo, usebenza nababukeli bezokhuseleko ukuba babonelele ngeseti eyongezelelweyo yamehlo ukugcina ubungozi kwaye ubonelele ngoncedo lwezonyango xa iingxaki zisenzeka.
Eyona meko imbi kakhulu kukuba amagcisa angenalo uqeqesho kunye namava, asebenze kwinkampani yesondlo sangaphandle, ke ayoyikisha izixhobo ezithile, atshintshe i-ofisi ngeempelaveki, kunye neencwadana zesixhobo azisafikeleleki. Le yimeko egqibeleleyo yesaqhwithi, kwaye yonke inkampani enezixhobo zemizi-mveliso kufuneka yenze yonke into eyenzekayo ukuthintela.
Iinkampani ezivelisa, ukuvelisa, kunye nezixhobo zezokhuseleko zihlala zinezixhobo ezinzulu zoKhuseleko kwiShishini, ngoko kuphicothwe kukuphicothwa kwezixhobo zokubonelela ngezixhobo kunokunceda ukwenza imisebenzi ekhuselekileyo yemisebenzi yokulungisa inkqubo yokulungisa.
U-Eric Lindin wajoyina iSebe elihleliyo kwi-Tube kunye nejenali ye-Puipe ngo-2000 njengomhleli ongumnxibelelanisi. Uxanduva lwayo oluphambili lubandakanya amanqaku obuchwephesha bokuhlela kwimveliso ye-tube kunye nemveliso, kunye nezifundo zamatyala okubhala kunye neeprofayili zenkampani. Iphakanyiswa kuMhleli ngo-2007.
Ngaphambi kokujoyina imagazini, wakhonza kwi-US Ardoce Air Nuby iminyaka emi-5 (1985-1990), kwaye wasebenzela umbhobho, i-pipe, kunye nommeli wenkonzo ye-duc kwaye kamva njengombhali wenkonzo ( 1994 -2000).
Wafunda kwiYunivesithi yase-Illinois eDekalb, i-Illinois, kwaye wafumana isidanga se-bachelor kwi-Economics ngo-1994.
I-tube kunye nejenali yombhobho yaba imagazini yokuqala inikezelwe ekukhonzeni ishishini lentsimbi ngo-1990. Namhlanje, iselokhupapasho olunikezelwe kwishishini kuMmandla waseMntla Merika kwaye lolona lolona lolona lwazi lulowona mbhobho.
Ngoku ungafikelela ngokupheleleyo uguqulelo lwedijithali lwendwangu kunye nokufikelela ngokulula izixhobo zeshishini elibonakalayo.
Izixhobo zeshishini elixabisekileyo ngoku zinokufikeleleka ngokulula ngokufikelela ngokupheleleyo kuhlobo lwedijithali ye-tube kunye nejenali yepayipi.
Nandipha ukufikelela ngokupheleleyo kwi-Digital Yejeli yejenali, ebonelela ngenkqubela phambili yezobugcisa, ezona ndlela zibalaseleyo kunye neendaba zeshishini zentengiso yentsimbi.