Ukubuyisela uhola wendlela waseArizona ukuya ePortland ikhonkrithi yesamente kunokungqina nje inzuzo yokusebenzisa idayimani yokusila njengenye indlela yokugaya kunye nokuzaliswa okusemgangathweni.Imbonakalo ibonisa ukuba kwixesha le-30 leminyaka, iindleko zokulondoloza ziya kuncitshiswa nge-USD 3.9 billion.
Eli nqaku lisekelwe kwi-webinar eyayibanjwe ekuqaleni ngexesha leNkomfa yezobuGcisa ye-Grooving and Grinding Association (IGGA) ngoDisemba 2020. Jonga i-demo epheleleyo apha ngezantsi.
Abahlali basePhoenix bafuna iindlela ezigudileyo, ezintle nezizolileyo.Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yokwanda kwabantu abakhulayo kwindawo kunye nokungonelanga kwemali yokugcina, iimeko zendlela kule ndawo ziye zahla kwiminyaka elishumi edlulileyo.I-Arizona Department of Transportation (ADOT) ifunda izisombululo zokudala ukugcina uthungelwano lohola wendlela kunye nokubonelela ngeentlobo zeendlela uluntu olulindele.
IPhoenix sisixeko sesihlanu esinabemi abaninzi eUnited States, kwaye isakhula.Uthungelwano lwedolophu ye-435 yeekhilomitha zeendlela kunye neebhulorho zigcinwe yi-Arizona Department of Transportation (ADOT) indawo esembindini, uninzi lwazo lubandakanya oohola beendlela ezine kunye neendlela ezongezelelweyo zezithuthi eziphezulu (HOV).Ngohlahlo lwabiwo-mali lokwakha oluzizigidi ezingama-500 zeedola zaseMelika ngonyaka, lo mmandla udla ngokuqhuba amaphulo okwakha angama-20 ukuya kwangama-25 kuthungelwano lweendlela ezinabantu abaninzi nyaka ngamnye.
I-Arizona ibisoloko isebenzisa iipavumente zekhonkrithi ukusukela ngoo-1920.Ikhonkrithi ingasetyenziselwa amashumi eminyaka kwaye ifuna ukugcinwa kuphela emva kweminyaka engama-20-25.E-Arizona, iminyaka engama-40 yamava aphumeleleyo yenza ukuba isetyenziswe ngexesha lolwakhiwo lweendlela eziphambili zikarhulumente ngeminyaka yoo-1960.Ngelo xesha, ukulungisa indlela ngekhonkrithi kwakuthetha ukwenza urhwebo ngokubhekiselele kwingxolo yendlela.Ngeli xesha, umphezulu wekhonkrithi ugqityezelwa nge-tinning (ukutsala iraki yentsimbi kumphezulu wekhonkrithi ngokuhambelana nokuhamba kwetrafikhi), kunye namatayara aqhuba kwikhonkrithi ekhonkxiweyo kuya kuvelisa ukukhala okungxolayo, okuhambelanayo.Ngo-2003, ukuze kulungiswe ingxaki yengxolo, i-1-in.I-Asphalt Rubber Friction Layer (AR-ACFC) isetyenziswe phezulu kwePortland Cement Concrete (PCC).Oku kunika inkangeleko ehambelanayo, isandi esithe cwaka kunye nokuhamba ngokukhululekile.Nangona kunjalo, ukugcina umphezulu we-AR-ACFC kubonakalise ukuba ngumceli mngeni.
Ubomi boyilo lwe-AR-ACFC bumalunga neminyaka eli-10.Oohola bendlela baseArizona ngoku bagqithile kubomi babo boyilo kwaye bayaluphala.Ukucwangciswa kobuchule kunye nemiba enxulumene noko kubangela iingxaki kubaqhubi kunye noMphathiswa wezoThutho.Nangona i-delamination ikholisa ukukhokelela kuphela kwilahleko emalunga ne-intshi enye yobunzulu bendlela (kuba i-1-intshi ye-asphalt yerabha eshinyeneyo yahluliwe kwikhonkrithi engezantsi), indawo yokudiliza ithathwa njengengxolo luluntu oluhambahambayo kwaye ithathwa njengenzima kakhulu. ingxaki.
Emva kokuvavanya i-diamond yokusila, isizukulwana esilandelayo sekhonkrithi, kunye nokugqiba umgangatho wekhonkrithi kunye ne-slip grinder okanye i-micromilling, i-ADOT inqume ukuba i-longitudinal texture efunyenwe nge-diamond yokusila inika imbonakalo ekholekileyo ye-corduroy kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kokuqhuba (Njengoko kuboniswe ngamanani e-IRI aphantsi) ) kunye nokukhutshwa kwengxolo ephantsi.Randy Everett kunye neSebe lezoThutho lase-Arizona
I-Arizona isebenzisa i-International Roughness Index (IRI) ukulinganisa iimeko zendlela, kwaye inani liye lahla.(I-IRI luhlobo lwedatha yeenkcukacha-manani ezirhabaxa, eziphantse zisetyenziswe ngamaziko kazwelonke njengesalathisi sokusebenza kwenkqubo yabo yokulawula i-pavement. Ixabiso eliphantsi, elincinci elincinci, elinqwenelekayo).Ngokwemilinganiselo ye-IRI eqhutywe kwi-2010, i-72% yeendlela ezihamba phambili kwingingqi zikwimeko efanelekileyo.Ngo-2018, lo mlinganiso wehle waya kuma-53%.Iindlela zenkqubo yohola welizwe zikwabonisa ukuhla.Imilinganiselo ngo-2010 ibonise ukuba i-68% yeendlela bezikwimeko entle.Ngo-2018, eli nani liye lehla laya kutsho kuma-35%.
Njengoko iindleko zinyuka-kwaye uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali alukwazanga ukuqhubeka-ngo-Epreli ka-2019, i-ADOT yaqala ukukhangela iindlela zokugcina ezingcono kunebhokisi yangaphambili.Kwiipavumente ezisekwimeko entle phakathi kweminyaka eli-10 ukuya kweli-15 yefestile yobomi boyilo-kwaye kuya kusiba kubaluleke ngakumbi ukuba isebe liyigcine indledlana ekhoyo ikwimeko entle-ukhetho lubandakanya ukutywinwa kokuqhekeka, ukutywinwa kokutshiza (ukufaka i-athikhili. umaleko wokukhanya, i-asphalt emulsion eqiniswe kancinane), okanye ukulungisa imingxuma nganye.Kwiipavumente ezidlula ubomi bokuyila, enye inketho kukusila i-asphalt eyonakeleyo kwaye ubeke isaleko se-asphalt entsha yerabha.Noko ke, ngenxa yobukhulu bendawo efuna ukulungiswa, oku kungqineka kuyindleko enkulu.Omnye umqobo kuyo nayiphi na isisombululo esifuna ukugaya ngokuphindaphindiweyo kwendawo ye-asphalt kukuba izixhobo zokugaya ngokuqinisekileyo ziya kuchaphazela kwaye zonakalisa ikhonkrithi ephantsi, kwaye ukulahlekelwa kwezinto eziphathekayo kwiindawo ezidibeneyo kubaluleke kakhulu.
Kuya kwenzeka ntoni ukuba iArizona ibuyele kwindawo yokuqala yePCC?I-ADOT iyazi ukuba iindlela zekhonkrithi kurhulumente zenzelwe ukubonelela ngozinzo olude lwesakhiwo.Isebe laqaphela ukuba ukuba linokusebenzisa i-PCC engaphantsi ekuphuculeni umgangatho wayo wokuqala onamazinyo ukwenza indlela ezolileyo nekhwelekayo, indlela elungiswayo ingahlala ixesha elide kwaye ifune ukulungiswa.Ikwancinci kakhulu kune-asphalt.
Njengenxalenye yeprojekthi kwi-SR 101 kumntla wePhoenix, umaleko we-AR-ACFC ususiwe, ngoko i-ADOT ifake amacandelo amane okuvavanya ukuhlola izisombululo zexesha elizayo eziza kusebenzisa ikhonkrithi ekhoyo ngelixa iqinisekisa ukugudiswa , Ukukhwela okuzolileyo kunye nokubonakala kwendlela efanelekileyo.Isebe lihlole ukusila kwedayimani kunye neNext Generation Concrete Surface (NGCS), inkangeleko enenkangeleko yomhlaba elawulwayo kunye noburhabaxa bubonke okanye obuhlayo, obuphuhliswe njengendlela yesamente enengxolo ephantsi kakhulu.I-ADOT iphinda iqwalasele ukusetyenziswa kwe-sliding grinder (inkqubo apho umatshini ukhokela iibheringi zebhola kwindlela yokuphucula iimpawu ze-friction) okanye i-micro-milling ukugqiba umgangatho wekhonkrithi.Emva kokuvavanya indlela nganye, i-ADOT inqume ukuba i-longitudinal texture efunyenwe ngedayimane yokugaya inika imbonakalo ekhangayo ye-corduroy kunye namava okukhwela kakuhle (njengoko kuboniswe ngexabiso eliphantsi le-IRI) kunye nengxolo ephantsi.Inkqubo yokusila idayimani nayo ibonakalise ukuthamba ngokwaneleyo ukukhusela iindawo ezibambekayo, ngakumbi ezingqonge iindawo ezidityanisiweyo, ebezikade zonakaliswe ngaphambili kukusila.Ukusila idayimani kwakhona kuyisisombululo esineendleko.
NgoMeyi ka-2019, i-ADOT yagqiba kwelokuba idayimane-isila icandelo elincinci le-SR 202 elikumazantsi ePhoenix.Indlela i-AR-ACFC eneminyaka eyi-15 yayikhululekile kwaye yalekwe kangangokuba amatye ajijekileyo agityiselwa kwi-windshield, kwaye abaqhubi bakhalazela i-windshield yonakaliswa ngamatye abhabha yonke imihla.Umlinganiselo wamabango elahleko kulo mmandla uphezulu kuneminye imimandla yelizwe.Indledlana yeenyawo nayo ingxola kakhulu kwaye kunzima ukuyiqhuba.I-ADOT ikhethe ukugqitywa kwedayimani kweendlela ezimbini zasekunene ecaleni kwe-SR 202 isiqingatha semayile ubude.Basebenzise ibhakethi yokulayisha ukususa i-AR-ACFC ekhoyo ngaphandle kokonakalisa ikhonkrithi engezantsi.Isebe liyivavanye ngempumelelo le ndlela ngenyanga kaTshazimpuzi ngethuba bephonononga iindlela zokubuyela kwindlela iPCC.Emva kokuba iprojekthi igqityiwe, ummeli we-ADOT waqaphela ukuba umqhubi uya kuhamba ukusuka kwindlela ye-AR-ACFC ukuya kwindlela yekhonkrithi yomhlaba wedayimane ukuze abe namava okuhamba okuphuculweyo kunye neempawu zesandi.
Nangona ingakhange igqitywe zonke iiprojekthi zolingo, iziphumo zokuqala zeendleko zibonisa ukuba ukongiwa okunxulumene nokusetyenziswa kwendlela yekonkile egangathiweyo neyokusila idayimani ukuze kuphuculwe inkangeleko, ukuguda, kunye nesandi kunokunciphisa ulondolozo ngeendleko ezifikelela kwiibhiliyoni ezi-3,9 zeerandi ngonyaka.Kwisithuba seminyaka engama-30.Randy Everett kunye neSebe lezoThutho lase-Arizona
Ngeli xesha, iMaricopa Government Association (MAG) ikhuphe ingxelo evavanya ingxolo yohola wendlela kunye nokuqhuba.Ingxelo iyabuvuma ubunzima bokugcina uthungelwano lwendlela kwaye igxile kwiimpawu zengxolo zendlela.Isiphelo esiphambili sesokuba ngenxa yokuba inzuzo yengxolo ye-AR-ACFC ilahleka ngokukhawuleza, "unyango lomhlaba wedayimane kufuneka luthathelwe ingqalelo endaweni yokugquma irabha ye-asphalt."Olunye uphuhliso lwangaxeshanye yikontraka yokuthengwa kwempahla yolondolozo evumela ukucola idayimani.
I-ADOT ikholelwa ukuba lixesha lokuthatha inyathelo elilandelayo kwaye iceba ukuqalisa iprojekthi enkulu yokusila idayimani kwi-SR 202 ngoFebruwari 2020. Le projekthi ibandakanya icandelo leekhilomitha ezine ubude, icandelo elineendlela ezine ububanzi, kuquka namacandelo athambekileyo.Lo mmandla wawumkhulu kakhulu ukuba ungasebenzisa isilayishi ukususa itela, ngoko kwasetyenziswa umatshini wokungqusha.Isebe lisike imicu kwiasphalt yerabha ukuze ikontraka yokusila isetyenziswe njengesikhokelo ngexesha lokusila.Ngokwenza kube lula ukuba umqhubi abone indawo ye-PCC phantsi kwesigubungelo, izixhobo zokusila zinokuhlengahlengiswa kwaye umonakalo kwikhonkrithi ephantsi unokuncitshiswa.Umphezulu wedayimane wokugqibela we-SR 202 udibana nayo yonke imigangatho ye-ADOT-uzolile, ugudileyo kwaye unomtsalane-uthelekiswa nomphezulu we-asphalt, ixabiso le-IRI lalithandeka kakhulu ngo-1920 kunye no-1930.Ezi mpawu zengxolo ezithelekisekayo zinokufumaneka kuba nangona i-AR-ACFC entsha ye-pavement imalunga ne-5 dB ithule kunomhlaba wedayimane, xa i-AR-ACFC i-pavement isetyenziselwa iminyaka emi-5 ukuya kwe-9, iziphumo zayo zokulinganisa zithelekiswa okanye ziphezulu Inqanaba le-dB.Ayingomgangatho wengxolo womhlaba omtsha wedayimani we-SR 202 usezantsi kakhulu kubaqhubi, kodwa indledlana yeenyawo yenza ingxolo encinci kwiindawo ezikufutshane.
Impumelelo yeeprojekthi zabo zangaphambili yabangela ukuba iADOT iqalise ezinye iiprojekthi ezintathu ezilingwayo zokusila idayimani.Ukusila idayimani kweLoop 101 Price Freeway kugqityiwe.Ukusila idayimani kuLoop 101 Pima Freeway kuya kuqhutywa ekuqaleni kuka-2021, kwaye ukwakhiwa kweLoop 101 I-17 ukuya ku-75th Avenue kulindeleke ukuba kuqhutywe kwiminyaka emihlanu ezayo.I-ADOT iya kulandelela ukusebenza kwazo zonke izinto ukujonga ukuxhaswa kwamalungu, nokuba ikhonkrithi ihlanjululwe, kunye nokugcinwa kwesandi kunye nomgangatho wokukhwela.
Nangona ingezizo zonke iiprojekthi zolingo ezigqityiweyo, iinkcukacha eziqokelelweyo ukuza kuthi ga ngoku zithethelela ukuqwalaselwa kokusila idayimani njengenye indlela yokusila okusemgangathweni kunye nokuzaliswa.Iziphumo zokuqala zophando lweendleko zibonisa ukuba ugcino olunxulunyaniswa nokusetyenziswa kweendlela zekhonkrithi kunye nokusila idayimani ukuze kuphuculwe inkangeleko, ukugudiswa kunye nesandi kunokunciphisa iindleko zokulondoloza ukuya kuthi ga kwi-3.9 yeebhiliyoni zeerandi kwisithuba seminyaka engama-30.
Ngokusebenzisa i-concrete pavement ekhoyo ePhoenix, kungekuphela nje uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali lolondolozo olunokwandiswa kwaye iindlela ezininzi zigcinwe zikwimeko efanelekileyo, kodwa ukuqina kwekhonkrithi kuqinisekisa ukuba ukuphazamiseka okunxulumene nokugcinwa kweendlela kuyancitshiswa.Okona kubaluleke kakhulu, uluntu luya kukwazi ukonwabela umphezulu opholileyo wokuqhuba.
URandy Everett ngumlawuli wesebe eliphezulu kwiSebe lezoThutho kuMbindi Arizona.
I-IGGA ngumbutho wabarhwebi ongenzi ngeniso owasekwa ngo-1972 liqela leengcali ezizinikeleyo kushishino, ezizinikele kuphuhliso lwenkqubo yokusila idayimani kunye negrooving yesamente yasePortland kunye nemiphezulu yeasphalt.Kwi-1995, i-IGGA yajoyina i-Affiliate ye-American Concrete Pavement Association (ACPA), eyenza i-IGGA / ACPA Concrete Pavement Protection Partnership (IGGA / ACPA CP3) yanamhlanje.Namhlanje, olu bambiswano sisixhobo sobugcisa kunye nenkokeli yoshishino kurhwebo lwehlabathi lwemigangatho yepavumente ephuculweyo, ukulungiswa kwepavumente yekhonkrithi kunye nokhuseleko lwepavumente.Injongo ye-IGGA kukuba yeyona nto iphambili kwitekhnoloji kunye nesixhobo sokukhuthaza ukwamkelwa kunye nokusetyenziswa okuchanekileyo kokusila idayimani kunye nokugrumba, kunye nokugcinwa kwe-PCC kunye nokubuyisela.
Ixesha lokuposa: Sep-08-2021